Background: Drug-coated balloons (DCBs), which deliver anti-proliferative drugs with\nthe aid of excipients, have emerged as a new endovascular therapy for the treatment of peripheral\narterial disease. In this study, we evaluated the use of keratose (KOS) as a novel DCB-coating\nexcipient to deliver and retain paclitaxel. Methods: A custom coating method was developed to\ndeposit KOS and paclitaxel on uncoated angioplasty balloons. The retention of the KOS-paclitaxel\ncoating, in comparison to a commercially available DCB, was evaluated using a novel vascular-motion\nsimulating ex vivoflowmodel at 1 h and 3 days. Additionally, the locoregional biological response of the\nKOS-paclitaxel coating was evaluated in a rabbit ilio-femoral injury model at 14 days. Results: The KOS\ncoating exhibited greater retention of the paclitaxel at 3 days under pulsatile conditions with vascular\nmotion as compared to the commercially available DCB (14.89............
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